Fastener or connecter for corrugated roofing or siding sheets



March 17, 19 25- 1,529,697

N. L. HALL FAS'I'ENER 0R CONNE CTER FOR CORRUGATED ROOFING 0R SIDING SHEETS Filed Feb; 10, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR ewtzm LHdll V. BY v hwu-Ze. U 'W ATTOR EY March 17, 1925-,

N. L. HALL FAS'L'ENER OR CONNECTER FOR CORRUGATED ROOFING OR SIDING SHEETS Fiiedffeb, 10, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 QINVIENTOR.

Newtmz L. Hall. Q

BY F 11 sort Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

NEWTON L. HALL, or LA sALLn, trainers.

rAs'rENEn on connncrnn roa CORRUGATED 'noorrne on SIDING s'nnn'rs.

Application filed. February 10, 1923. Serial No. 818,302.

T 0- all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, NEHV'FO'N L. HALL. a

citizen of the United States. residing La Salle, inthe county of In alle and State of Illinois. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fasteners or Connecters for Corrugated Roofing or Siding Sheet-s, of which the following is a specifi cation. j i

This invention relates to means for fastening or connecting corrlilgated or flat roof ing sheets or siding sheets to beams. purlins, girts or other structural elements.

At the present time sheet metal roofing and siding sheets, either plain or corrugated, are connected or attached to the purlins, rafters, beams or girts or roofs or other structures either by driving a. nail through the corrugated sheet or other sheet'into the wood rafter, beam or nailing strip, by hold ing the corrugated or other sheet to the structural elements by means of a stove bolt, by attaching to the under face of the sheet by means of a bolt a metallic clip which engages beneath the flange of an angle iron or purlin, by the use of straps which pass beneath the purlin or other element and which are angularly bent at their outer ends and bolted to the sheet, or by the use of tie wires headed at one end which are forced through the sheet metal and extend along the outer face of the purlin, then beneath the base flange thereof, and then are bent or clinched upward around the lower flange of the purlin.

Each of these methods of connecting sheet metal, and particularly corrugated metal, to the rafters, purlins or other structural elements is objectionable. The wood nailing strip construction is not fireproof and is, therefore, not used to any extent except in the cheapest construction. "The bolted or soldered clip engaging the purlin is not a positive connection and allows the roofing sheet or siding sheet to rattle. The stove bolt connection is never sufti'cientlytight and is always subject to rapid corrosion and is inconvenient to apply.

viously formed, is expensive, clumsy of application, and the bolts develop their strap strain around the bend of the strap. The strap method of holding corrugated sheets or plain sheet-s to the purlin is the roost approved fastener used; today but it is not perfect. The fastening device cannot be The strap connec tion requires that the strap shall be pre-' tightened up" to a degree which will cause the sheet tooling to the structure and, therefore, the roofing sheets are liable toirattlein the *indi Furthermore, all dimensions have to be'perfect to make a correct fastener.

The same'is -rue of the clinch nail or tie wire method. This in turiris never absolutely tight. Once loose it remains loose. The bend in the tie wire can neverbe made around the purlin sowasto secure aproper strain upon thetie wire or clinchnail which T ing sheets to purlins or equivalent strucy tura-l' elements, which connectingmeansv is so formed that strain is applied to draw the sheet against the purlin at the side of the purlin and not below the'purlin- A further objectis to provide aconnecting device of this character which includes a stirrup, as it may be called, which is disposed below the lower flange of the purlin or against the edge of the outwardly project ing flange or girt, this stirrup b'eing'preformedto fit the flange over the purlin or the girt and which also includes two headers, as they may be termed, or headed wires adapted to be disposed through the sheet and on each side of the purlin or above and below the girt which are en'gageable by twisting with the ends of the yoke or stirrup,

this twisting process acting to tighten up on girt and the sheet so that the parts will f closely to the purlin or girt.

A still further object is to provide'a device of this kind which is very simple, which may be cheaply made in large quantities, and which is particularly easy to apply,

Otherv objects willappear in the course of the following description.

My invention is illustrated painying drawings, wherein I Figure 1 is a sectional view through a purlin and a corrugated roof applied thcrein the, accomto and showing my improved connecter aplied' a p Figure 2 is a side elevation of the purlin and a sectional view of the roof, showing my connecters;

Figure 3 is a like'view ,to Figure 1, but

showing the connecter partially applied and before a full twist has been made;

Figure l is an elevation of the stirrupwhich forms part ofthe connecter; Y

Figure 5 is a sectional view through a gut and siding showing an adaptatlon of my improved connecterto such a structure;

Figure 6 is a sectional view on the line 66 of Flgure 7 show ng a. modification. in the form of stirrup and the manner in whlch the headers are engaged therewith;

lin, showing a modified form of connecterv Figure 7 shows a side-elevation of a purfully twisted, and at the right a modified formof the connecter partly twisted;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the stirrup shown in Figures 6. and 7 before it is twisted;

Figure 9 is a like view to Figure 1, but showing a modified form of connecter before the connecter is engaged with the purlin;

Figure 10 is a likeview to Figure 9, but showing the headers engaged with each other and ready to be twisted;

Figure 11 is an elevation of one of the. headers shown in Figures 9 and 10- before it is inserted through the sheet metal;

. Figure 12 is a like view to Figure 10, but showing the headers completely twisted.

' Referring particularly to Figures 3 and 4, it is tobe noted that my connecter comprises two headers or wires 10 havingheads- 11 at their upper ends and. a stirrup 12. The stirrup 12, as illustrated in Figure at, is U-shaped so as to provide arms 13which are I at right angles to the lower portion of the stirrup and at their upper ends these arms the purlin A.

are initially outwardly and downwardly extended at 14:.

In Figures 1, 2 and 8, I illustrate how this connecter is applied to hold a corrugated sheet metal roofing B to a purlin A. The headers. are passed through perforations in the roofing, preferably through the crests of the corrugations, on each side of These headers are initially straight and are made of wire of sufficient flexibility so that the ends of the headers may be twisted. The stirrup12 is then applied beneath the purlin, as illustrated in Figure '3, and then the lowerends of the headers are bent upward so as to form hooks,

The intertwisting of the wires forming the I headers 10 with the upper ends of the arms as illustrated on the left hand side of Figure 3. The lower ends of both headers are bent upward and then these hooks so formed are intertwisted, as shown at 15 in Figure 1.

13 draws the stirrup upward against the lower flange of the purlin and draws the sheet B against the upper face of the purlin.

By twistingthe interengaging ends of the. I

stirrup and headers at the sides of the purlin a strainmay be placed'upon the headers and stirrup greatly in excess of all requirements and this strainis so great thatit'is easily possible to continue the twisting and draw the corrugation out of the sheet at the header. If the stirrup 13 were left off and the headerwires 10 were simply brought down beneath the purlin and twisted, a strain would be developed, it is true, but

this strain would be across the lower flange of the purlin and not between the lower flange and the corrugated sheet and this strain would'create only an indirect influence on the sheet. p

My preferable construction is illustrated in Figure 1 and develops the strain. where it is required, that is between the base of the purlin and the sheet and this is done in a straight line, that is "twisting the header wires 10 and the stirrup 13 at the point 15 causes the shanks of the headers and the arms 13 to be drawn into astraight line and I tightened until the sheet B is drawn firmly I tion which is adapted for the purpose of holding a sheet metal siding B to an angle iron girt A. In this casethe headers 10 are of practically the same construction as the headers 10, but one of these headers is 'angularly bent so as'to extend upward and outward toward the outer margin of the upper flange of the angle lron A. I have Ill) shown washers 16 of lead or like soft metal I disposed between the heads 11 of the headersand the sheet metal. The stirrup 12 is in I principle exactly the same as the stirrup 12 except that instead of being approximately. U-shaped it is approximately V-shaped so as to provide arms 13 at a relatively-acute angle to each other. These arms 13' are adapted to be engaged and intertwisted with". the ends of the headers 10 in the manner heretofore described. It will be-seen in this form of the invention that the strain plied by twisting is in direct line between the extremity of the girt A and the sheet metal so that a maximum stress may. be ap plied to the headers to hold the sheet metal in place. I

In Figures 6, 7 and 8, I have shown a slightly modified embodiment of the inven-' tion applied for the purpose of holding the sheet B to the purlin A. in this case the stirrup 12 is made of a double strand of wire so as to form a double loop but having the upwardly ez-itending arms 13 as previously described, with which loops the extremities oi the headers 10" are engaged. The extremities ot' the headers 10? are passed through the loops and then twisted upon i" shanks oi the lvaders, illustrated in ures and '1 and then, the loop r stir is itself twisted at 15' so as to place a strain upon. the headers and d: .w the F ieet B into close contact with and attach it seen; to the purlin. shown in Figures ('3 and 7 will give good results, the preferable 't'orin is that shown in Figures 1 to that where the stirrup is formed or a single wire. as this simpler, cheaper and yet thorou y eiiective.

The stirrups and th headers will'be made of suitably sized iron wire properly galvanized or tinned, or these wires ay he made of some rust-resistingmetal i as alum num or Monel metal. The stir-raps will be made to fit ditl'erent sized purlins, that is the base dimension of the cross bar oi the ll shaped stirrup will be formed to dillerent sized purlins. Obviously, oi" course, the headers may also be changed in length to suit purlins having dili'erent depths. The lower corners oi the stirrup are lzent sharply so as to fit neatly over the purlin. 'lhese stirrups are initially bent for the reasonthat bending thewire over a purlin when the sheet is in position does not develop a sharp bend and it is very ditlicnlt by twisting the wire or by any other means to secure a good sharp bend. Obviously pie-bending these stirrups and making the stirrups to fit different sized standard purlins makes the device much easier of application and permits the connecters to be applied more readily and quickly to the structure than it each stirrup has to be separately bent.

I am aware of the fact that it has been proposed to hold a sheet metal covering toa purlin by means of two headed SlltlilliiS tending through the sheet metal, these shanks being of flexible material and the shanks embracing the purlin or other structural element and being twisted together at a point remote from the sheet metal. or the heads of the shanks. Such a connecter, however, as this is open to objections, in that it is impossible to secure a thoroughly tight and close connection between the sheet metal and the purlin or other element. lt such a means of attachment is applied to a chan-,

nel iron structural element suchas shown in Figure 1, the interwist of the two shanks will come immediately beneath the lower flange of the structural elementand the wire from which the shanks are made will be sharply bent at the corners of the structural While the form of the intention element, which will prevent the twist from taking up slack in those portions oi the shank which extend on each side of the structural element. The same objection would apply were the shanks intertwisted with each other on the side of the structural element because one of these shanks would have to be sharply bent around the corner of the purlin. it is necessary that both shanks shall remain straight except for the twist at the extremities of the shank and that there shall be no pull over or across a corner of the structural element.

In Figure 9, I show another "form o ithe invention which embodies the principle thereof, though it only consists of t vo members. In this figure, A, as before, indicates the purlin and B the corrugated sheet. The headed member l0 is formed, as illustrated in Figure 11, with a bight '17 its middle and the extremity of this member is bent into a hook at M9. Associated with the header 10 is a second header 10 of relatively short wire having its lower extremity bent into a hook to engage with the hook 14. The lower portion o t the header 10 below the bight 17 may be pre-formed to constitute a stirrup, though not necessarily so, and when the end l l isengaged with the hooked end of the header wire 10, then the bight 17 may be twisted and thehooks 1 L twisted, as shown in Figure 12, so as to draw the headed ends of the headers 10 and 10 toward the lower portion of the connecter, and draw the sheetxn'ietal Bagainst the purlin A. Here again the strain is applied equally on both Sides of the purlin and in effect there is, a stirrup but this stirrup is made integral with one of the headers 10;

It will be noted that the header 10 has initially the form shown in Figure 11, the bight 17 having more or less divergent end portionsso that the header can be inserted through the hole in the sheet, after which the loop is closed or drawn together, as shown in Figure 10. T his drawing together of this bight or loop 17 is done before the wire is; bent around the purlin, the free end ot the header 10? is bent to form the stirrup 7 portion, and the hooked end 14; engaged with the hooked end of the header 10 The bight or loop 17 is then twisted, as are the hooked ends 1%". p M

One advantage of this device over that illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 is that the stirrup requires both hands while placing,

ltll) while the header shown in Figure 11 gives strain is even on both headers and there is no danger of pulling the stirrup portion around the corner of the purlin. It will be seen that in the one type of fastener the twist is transverse to the strain and in the other ype of fastener it is longitudinal to the strain.

It will be seen that with this construction any slack that may develop can be easily taken up at any time, and it will be seen that any side twist removes the slack in direct line betweenthe corner of the purlin and the edge and acts equally on both sides of the purlin. Of course, it will be understood that after the twist is. formed, as at'15, the

free ends of the wires which may project out are to be cut off so as to give a neat appearance. i

Attention is directed to the fact that the twists employed in this connecter are arranged at the sides of the Purlin and accordingly will not obstruct or interfere with any structure below the purlin.

,I claim i I 1. A connecter of the character described comprising a pair of headed shanks of pliable material, and a stirrup bent upon itself to provide two arms of pliable material, and a stirrup having two arms extending in approximate line with the shanks formed ofpliable material and adapted to be intertwisted with the shanks.

3. A connecter of the character described comprising alpair of shanks having heads, the shanks being of pliable material, and

an approximately U-shaped stirrup having arms of pliable material initi'ally formed with hooks around which the ends of the shanks may be bent the bent ends of the shanks thus forming hooks,'the hooks so formed on the ends of the shanks and the hooks. on the stirrup being adapted to be intertwisted to draw the stirrup'toward the heads of the shanks.

4. The combination with a sheet of metal and a structural element upon which the metal is applied, of means for holding the sheet to the structural element comprising a pair of headed shanks inserted through the sheet and having their heads operatively bearing thereagainst, the shanks being of pliable material and a stirrup angular in form engaging around the. structural member remote from the sheet and having its ends of pliable material intertwisted with the ends of the shanks.

.5. The combination with a sheet and a structural element towhich the sheet is applied, of means .for holding the sheet to the structural element comprisinga pair of headed'shanks disposed through the sheet on each side of the structural element, the shanks being formed of pliable material, and a stirrup engaging over that portion ofv the structural element remote from the the structural element comprising a'pair of headed shanks disposed on each side of the structural element, and a stirrup engaged over that portion of the structural element remote from the sheet, the stirrup being engaged with the ends of. the shanks, the stirrup and shanks being of pliable material whereby they, may be twisted to" draw the stirrup toward the heads of theshanks and draw the sheet against the structural element.

7. Means for holding a sheet of ma.- terial to a structural element comprising a pair of headed shanks less in length than the-depth 0f the structural element adapted to extend over that portion of the structural element remote from the sheet and. having'two' arms extending approximately parallel to the shanks and engaged therewith, the stirrup and shanks being of pliable material whereby they may be twisted to thereby draw the stirrup toward the heads of the shanks and the sheet against the structural element.

8. As an article of manufacture, aconterial, the arms at their extremities being .with-which theyare to be used, and a stirrup formed with returned bends, the extremities of the shanks and said returned bends being adapted to be intertwisted to draw the stirrup toward the headed ends of the shanks.

9. The combinationwith a structural element and a sheet metal covering supported thereby, of means for holding the sheet metal covering to the structural element comprising members -passingflthrough the sheet metal and extending on each side of thestructural element and over that portion of the structural element remote from the sheet 'metal, said members being so formed that strain may be applied to reduce the'length' of said members atthe side of the structural over and partially embrace a structural element, and two shanks having heads adapted to engage upon the outside of a sheet of metal to be held to the element, one of the shanks being so formed at a point spaced from the point of engagement between the stirrup and structural element that a twisting strain may be applied thereto to thereby reduce the total length of the connccter and draw the sheet metal toward the structural element.

11. A connecter ot' the character described formed of pliable wire and 'lormed to provide a stirrup portion adapted to engage over a structural element, and two shanks having heads adapted to engage upon the outside of a sheet of metal to be held to the element, both of the shanks being formed so that a twisting strain may be applied thereto to thereby reduce the total length of the connecter and draw the sheet metal toward the structural element.

12. A connecter of the character described formed of pliable wire and formed to provide a stirrup-portion adapted to engage around and partially embrace the lower edge of a structural element, and a shank having a head adapted to engage upon the outside of a sheet of metal to be held to the element, the shank and stirrup portion having their adjacent ends adapted to be twisted together at the side of the structural element and intermediate the adjacent corner of the element and the sheet to thereby reduce the total length of the connecter and draw the .sheet metal toward the structural element.

- 13. The combination with a structural element and a sheet metal covermg supported thereby, of means for holding the sheet edge of the structural element, and a shank ill) having a head adapted to engage upon the outside of the sheet of metal, said shank and the stirrup having int ertwisted portions disposed between the free edge of the structural element and the sheet metal covering.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

NEWTON L. HALL. 

